The questionnaire used most often in the early research on cohesion in sport was called the
Options:
a. Group Environment Questionnaire
b. Sport Cohesiveness Questionnaire
c. Multidimensional Sport Cohesion Instrument
d. Unidimensional Sport Cohesion Survey
The Correct Answer Is:
c. Multidimensional Sport Cohesion Instrument
The Multidimensional Sport Cohesion Instrument (MSCI) is considered the most frequently used questionnaire in early research on cohesion in sports. This instrument was designed to comprehensively measure various dimensions of cohesion within a sports team.
It takes into account multiple factors that contribute to the overall cohesion of a team, such as interpersonal relationships, task cohesion, and social cohesion. This multidimensional approach allows for a nuanced understanding of the different aspects that contribute to a cohesive team environment.
The MSCI consists of several subscales, each focusing on a specific aspect of cohesion. For example, the interpersonal relationships subscale assesses the quality and strength of personal connections among team members.
The task cohesion subscale evaluates how well team members work together to achieve their common goals. Finally, the social cohesion subscale examines the degree to which team members socialize and engage with one another beyond the confines of the sport itself.
One of the key strengths of the MSCI is its ability to provide a holistic view of team cohesion. By considering various dimensions, it offers a more nuanced and accurate representation of the dynamics within a sports team. This instrument has been widely adopted in research due to its comprehensive nature and its ability to capture the complexity of team cohesion.
Now, let’s discuss why the other options are not correct:
a. Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ):
The Group Environment Questionnaire is a valuable tool in sports psychology, but it primarily focuses on assessing the motivational climate within a team. It was developed by Carron and Spink in 1993.
The GEQ measures factors related to the psychological environment, such as perceptions of task orientation (emphasizing skill development and cooperation) and ego orientation (emphasizing competition and comparison). It also includes a subscale called relatedness, which assesses the degree to which individuals feel connected and supported by their teammates.
While the GEQ provides important insights into the motivational climate of a team, it does not specifically target the multiple dimensions of cohesion. Instead, it emphasizes the psychological environment that influences individual motivation and behavior.
Therefore, it serves a different purpose than the Multidimensional Sport Cohesion Instrument (MSCI) which is designed to comprehensively measure cohesion across various dimensions.
b. Sport Cohesiveness Questionnaire:
The “Sport Cohesiveness Questionnaire” is not a well-known or widely recognized instrument in the field of sports psychology as of my last training data in September 2021. It is possible that this questionnaire may exist, but it has not gained prominence in the academic or professional community.
Without further information or evidence of its use, it cannot be considered the most frequently used questionnaire for assessing cohesion in sports.
d. Unidimensional Sport Cohesion Survey:
The term “Unidimensional Sport Cohesion Survey” suggests a questionnaire that focuses solely on one aspect or dimension of cohesion. This would likely entail measuring only a specific facet of cohesion, such as interpersonal relationships or task cohesion.
While such surveys may have their own merit in certain research contexts, they do not align with the comprehensive and multidimensional approach of the MSCI. The MSCI stands out for its ability to capture various dimensions of cohesion, providing a more nuanced understanding of team dynamics.
In summary, while each of these options may have their own value in assessing certain aspects of team dynamics or the psychological environment in sports.
They do not match the comprehensive, multidimensional approach of the Multidimensional Sport Cohesion Instrument (MSCI). Which remains the most widely used questionnaire for early research on cohesion in sports.
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