Explanation of the Correct Answer: c) Check digit

Explanation:

A check digit is a valuable data validation technique employed by the bank to enhance data accuracy and prevent invalid inputs. This method involves appending an extra number, known as a check digit, to the end of each account number. This additional digit is not randomly generated but is calculated based on a specific algorithm.

The primary purpose of a check digit is to verify the integrity of the entire account number during data entry or transmission. It acts as a built-in error-detection mechanism. When a user inputs or transmits the account number, the recipient can apply the same algorithm to the digits and compare the result to the provided check digit.

If they match, it indicates that the data is likely accurate. However, if there’s a discrepancy between the calculated check digit and the one provided, it suggests a data entry error, transposition of digits, or some other mistake.

A well-designed check digit algorithm is capable of detecting common types of errors, making it a robust approach to ensure data accuracy in various applications, including banking. This technique helps prevent erroneous transactions, account discrepancies, and other issues that can result from incorrect data.

Now, let’s explain why the other options are not correct:

a) Dual read:

Dual read is a procedure involving two separate individuals independently inputting the same data and then comparing their entries to ensure consistency and accuracy. While this technique is effective at reducing errors during data entry, it doesn’t directly relate to the concept of a check digit.

Dual read focuses on human validation through double-checking, whereas a check digit relies on mathematical algorithms for error detection.

b) Test for reasonableness:

Testing for reasonableness is a method used to assess whether data values fall within an expected or acceptable range, based on context and common sense. It aids in identifying outliers or anomalies in data. While it is a valuable tool for data validation, it doesn’t involve the use of a check digit.

Testing for reasonableness relies on the inherent logic and anticipated patterns within the data, rather than a calculated digit for error detection.

d) Occurrence correction:

“Occurrence correction” is not a standard term or technique in the context of data validation or error prevention. It doesn’t describe a recognized method used to ensure data accuracy. The absence of a well-defined concept or approach associated with “occurrence correction” renders it an inappropriate choice in this scenario.

This option does not align with industry-standard practices and is therefore not applicable in the context of validating account numbers in a banking system.