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Ethnocentrism – Types of Culture | Fundamentals of Sociology

Ethnocentrism

The concept of ethnocentrism and cultural relativity are interrelated. The word ethno is derived from a Greek terminology which means, people, country and cultural bonding; centric is derived from a Latin word, which means centre. Thus, ethnocentrism is the tendency of every society to place its own cultural patterns at the center of things. It involves comparing other cultures’ practices to one’s own and rating them as inferior. It is the tendency to consider one’s own culture superior. It transforms one’s own culture into a yardstick against which all other cultures can be gauged and rated.

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Ethnocentrism causes which of the following communication barriers

Ethnocentrism causes which of the following communication barriers

a) Ethnocentrism can cause people to share too much personal information.
b) Ethnocentrism causes people to develop negative attitudes about others.
c) Ethnocentrism can lead people to use the wrong language when communicating.
d) All of the above are communication barriers caused by ethnocentrism.

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Option b) Ethnocentrism causes people to develop negative attitudes about others.

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In all societies, groups, and walks of life, ethnocentrism influences how humans behave. Every individual is influenced by ethnocentrism to some degree. Possessiveness is reflected in the way a child learns the difference between his toys and those that do not belong to him. In the absence of corrective guidance from his parents or elders, he exhibits a superiority complex by believing that his toys are better than those of other children. In the privacy of their homes, parents may give their children the impression that their possessions are genuinely nice, even if they do not encourage such ideas in public. Ethnocentrism may be taught either directly and intentionally or indirectly and unintentionally.

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Which of the following is an example of ethnocentrism?

Which of the following is an example of ethnocentrism?

a) A manager in India looks down upon his subordinates because they are from a lower caste compared to him.
b) An upper-middle-class woman talks rudely to a salesperson because she looks down upon individuals belonging to the working class.
c) An American manager criticizes the cultural practices of Saudi Arabia when he is sent there on business because it differs from his cultural norms.
d) A French business owner, who plans to expand his market to China, conducts a detailed cultural study of China to customize his marketing campaign.

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Option c) An American manager criticizes the cultural practices of Saudi Arabia when he is sent there on business because it differs from his cultural norms.

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Nevertheless, at least a small part of it is intentional. The history of mankind often teaches us to place the accomplishments of our own countries higher than those of other countries. Religions, civic groups, and other groups disparage their rivals in the most explicit ways. In the case of fully developed people, ethnocentrism simply manifests as a fact of life.As ethnocentrism grows in popularity, the urge to legitimize it in moral terms increases. By the way, this is also an ethnocentric practice. It is important to note that ethnocentrism is a characteristic of culture. In this regard, it must be appraised in the same way as the remaining part of culture, based on its role in promoting social change and maintaining social order.

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Which of the following is true of ethnocentrism?

Which of the following is true of ethnocentrism?

A) It is the assumption that one’s own culture is the natural frame of reference for understanding other ways of life.
B) It involves judging people’s behavior in terms of their own culture.
C) It is the belief that a society prospers best if it is based on patriotism.
D) It is the feeling of love for one’s own society’s way of life.

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Option A) It is the assumption that one’s own culture is the natural frame of reference for understanding other ways of life.

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Rather than promoting social change, ethnocentrism mostly contributes to maintaining social order. It is also obvious that ethnocentrism is concerned with maintaining social order. It starts by fostering unity within the group. This is determined by the level of faith existing among the companions. Ethnocentrism can positively and negatively affect a society. The positive aspect is that it brings about a steady status quo while the negative aspect is that it puts off change.

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Which statement below is not an example of ethnocentrism?

Which statement below is not an example of ethnocentrism?

A) American Workers get higher pay for less work than most people in the world.
B) American Workers get Low pay for more work than most people in the world.

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Option A) American Workers get higher pay for less work than most people in the world.

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The importance of collaboration between different groups is also undermined by ethnocentrism. According to this view, if one group functions well, it does not need to interact with other groups with lower standards. This contributes to the mental outlook of skepticism, disregard, and animosity. A severe degree of ethnocentrism generally leads to disputes and clashes. The historical descriptions concerning wars and racial and religious conflicts demonstrate this.

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Which of the following best exemplifies ethnocentrism?

Which of the following best exemplifies ethnocentrism?

A) Sarah believes that her opinions and interests are superior to that of her siblings.
B) Nicole is highly tolerant toward different cultures and enjoys learning different languages.
C) Bryan’s belief in the superiority of his culture has resulted in conflicts with his colleagues from different countries.
D) Emilio faces an ethical dilemma as he must decide whether or not to hire his underqualified cousin.
E) Galaxy Inc. has been accused of using legal but unethical ways to gain access to the markets of less developed countries.

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Option C) Bryan’s belief in the superiority of his culture has resulted in conflicts with his colleagues from different countries.

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Conflict causes social changes through ethnocentrism, which in turn promotes these changes. These changes can also be encouraged through peaceful evolution. Researchers generally support a peaceful evolution of social change. There are few conflicts among them. This allows them to disregard ethnocentrism. They define ethnocentrism as a hindrance to the learning process and discourage their students from adopting it. Sociologists use a blend of evolutionary theory and functionalist theory to accomplish this goal. In contrast, ethnocentrism is used by radical groups (such as the poor, blacks, women, and youth) in order to increase their power and effectiveness.

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Why is ethnocentrism an obstacle to effective leadership?

Why is ethnocentrism an obstacle to effective leadership?

A) It prevents people from fully respecting the viewpoints of others.
B) It is focused on cultural competence, not individual rights.
C) It is focused on diversity of opinions of others.
D) It encourages understanding of multiple viewpoints of others.

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The correct Answer for the given Question is

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Option A) It prevents people from fully respecting the viewpoints of others.

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Smirti

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